PCB Design & Manufacturing

PCB Fabrication

Standard PCB

Here at Vayu, Standard PCB service refers to full feature printed circuit board manufacturing service. Our core team has 30+ years experience in PCB fabrication, managed dozens of PCB projects and covered almost all kinds of substrate materials including FR4, Aluminum, Rogers etc. This page only touches standard FR4 based PCB’s.

Unlike Prototype PCB service, our Standard PCB service has tighter production tolerances. The following two articles will give you enough information about those two services on their introductions and differences:

PCB Prototype & Standard PCB Manufacturing Services Comparison.
When to use PCB Prototype Service and when to switch to Standard PCB Service.

It is recommended to use Standard PCB service when your design is ready to transform from prototype phase to production phase. We can expedite your high volume order in the earliest possible timeframes, To enhance your products/devices, we offer advanced features for Std PCB services.

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	1 – 32layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10,000,000 pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks (Expedited Service)
Material	FR-4 Standard Tg 150°C, FR4-High Tg 170°C, FR4-High-Tg 180°C, FR4-Halogen-free, FR4-Halogen-free & High-Tg
Board Size	Min 66mm \| Max 600700mm
Board size tolerance	±0.1mm – ±0.3mm
Board Thickness	0.4mm – 3.2mm
Board Thickness Tolerance	±0.1mm – ±10%
Copper Weight	0.5oz – 6.0oz
Inner Layer Copper Weight	0.5oz – 2.0oz
Copper Thickness Tolerance	+0μm +20μm
Min Tracing/Spacing	3mil/3mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Surface Finish	HASL – Hot Air Solder Leveling Lead Free HASL – RoHS ENIG – Electroless Nickle/Immersion Gold – RoHS ENEPIG – Electroless Nickel Electroless Palladium Immersion Gold – RoHS Immersion Silver – RoHS Immersion Tin – RoHS OSP -Organic Solderability Preservatives – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	3mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	6mil, 4mil-laser drill
Min Width of Cutout (NPTH)	0.8mm
NPTH Hole Size Tolerance	±.002″ (±0.05mm)
Min Width of Slot Hole (PTH)	0.6mm
PTH Hole Size Tolerance	±.003″ (±0.08mm) – ±4mil
Surface/Hole Plating Thickness	20μm – 30μm
SM Tolerance (LPI)	.003″ (0.075mm)
Aspect Ratio	1.10 (hole size: board thickness)
Test	10V – 250V, flying probe or testing fixture
Impedance tolerance	±5% – ±10%
SMD Pitch	0.2mm(8mil)
BGA Pitch	0.2mm(8mil)
Chamfer of Gold Fingers	20, 30, 45, 60
Other Techniques	Gold fingers Blind and Buried Holes peelable solder mask Edge plating Carbon Mask Kapton tape Countersink/counterbore hole Half-cut/Castellated hole Press fit hole Via tented/covered with resin Via plugged/filled with resin Via in pad Electrical Test

Advantages to Standard PCB With Vayu

Vayu is a full-service turnkey PCB solution that can handle everything from prototype to fabrication to assembly. We have been fabricating high quality standard PCB for over ten years and are fully compliant with ISO9001:2008 quality standards. All of our standard PCBs are IPC2 compliant, and we do strict internal quality assurance testing to ensure the board that arrives at your facility is one you know you can rely on.

We offer PCB solutions that fit your budget. You can order just a few prototype boards to test your design and then place a bulk order for your standard PCBs to save even more. We also offer complete technical support for PCB knowledge expertise.

PCB Prototype

Prototyping printed circuit boards leads to close integration work with an assembler who can turn your designs around fast. These boards help verify you have the right design before you start a full production run so you can avoid costly errors. The sooner you get your prototype circuit board back, the sooner you can test it and get started on your standard production run. Vayu is the PCB manufacturer with fast reaction. We offer super fast turn-aroung PCB prototypes to turn your prototype boards around fast while still maintaining complete adherence to your design specs.

Prototyping PCB's meet high quality standards

At Vayu, we recommend using Std PCB service when your design is ready to transform from prototype phase to production phase. To support your product/devices with enhanced functionalities, we offer advanced features for Std PCB services. Our capabilities can be found in the following table:

Features	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 1
Number of Layers	1 – 8layers
Order Quantity	5pcs – 100pcs
Build Time	2 – 7 days
Material	FR-4 Standard Tg 140°C
Board Size	Min 66mm \| Max 500500mm
Board size tolerance	±0.1mm – ±0.3mm
Board Thickness	0.4mm – 2.0mm
Board Thickness Tolerance	±0.1mm – ±10% of thickness of board
Copper Weight	1.0oz – 2.0oz
Inner Layer Copper Weight	0.5oz – 1.0oz
Copper Thickness Tolerance	+0μm +20μm
Min Tracing/Spacing	5mil/6mil (copper weight: 1oz) 8mil/8mil (copper weight: 2oz)
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black
Surface Finish	Lead Free HASL – RoHS HASL – Hot Air Solder Leveling ENIG – Electroless Nickle/Immersion Gold – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	5mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	8mil
Min Width of Cutout (NPTH)	0.8mm
NPTH Hole Size Tolerance	±.002″ (±0.05mm)
Min Width of Slot Hole (PTH)	0.6mm
PTH Hole Size Tolerance	±.003″ (±0.08mm) – ±.006″ (±0.15mm)
Surface/Hole Plating Thickness	20μm – 30μm
SM Tolerance (LPI)	.003″ (0.075mm)
Aspect Ratio	10:1 (board thickness: hole size)
Test	10V – 250V, flying probe or testing fixture

Prototype PCB Service vs. Standard PCB Service

Use PCB Prototype service when you want:

Boards for Design Review or Preproduction Quality Testing.

Our PCB prototype service is the perfect way to make sure there are no errors in your design before moving into mass production.

Rapid PCB Turnaround

Rapid PCB prototyping means you get your boards fast.

Boards with Eight or Fewer Layers

Because we are trying to get your boards back to you as fast as possible, we offer rapid PCB prototyping for boards with no more than eight layers.

FR-4 Boards

Your printed circuit board prototype will come on standard FR-4 material.

Quality Standard IPC1 Boards

Use Standard PCB service if you need:

Boards for Full Production.

Once you know that your design works, you can contact us for standard PCB service for full production for use in your applications.

Slightly Longer Turnaround Time

Since these are the boards you will actually be using, it takes a little longer to make sure we get everything just right. However, now that you have tested the design, you can go right into your projects once you get your boards.

Boards with Up to 9-32 Layers

We have much more flexibility with materials and layers once we have the time to develop your full boards.

FR-4, Aluminum, Flex or Other Special Types of Boards.
Quality Standard IPC2 Boards

What Are the Benefits of Prototype Circuit Board?

We recommend you PCB prototyping service for function testing of new products prior to making a commitment to a full-production run. Benefits of developing prototype printed circuit boards include:

Rapidly test and correct designs if there is any mistake.

After waiting over a week for your full boards, you’ll be eager to get them going in your applications. When you test your design beforehand with PCB prototypes, you can do just that.

Potentially detect any design flaw in the early stages of your projects

The time to find out mistakes in your design is not when you have a full production run in your warehouse. PCB prototyping service allows you to spot any design problem in a few days, make adjustments and perfect the design before ordering your full run.

Order low-quantity production runs featuring a MOQ of only five boards if necessary

Save money and reduce risks by putting off your big orders until you know you have the type of boards you want.

Benefit from lower production tolerances

It offers a clear indication of how well your PCB will perform.

Once your proto boards have demonstrated their ability to meet your quality and performance requirements, you are ready for a full production run. Then we will transition from PCB prototype board service to Standard PCB service, which provides tighter production tolerances and more advanced options, including a free Design for Manufacture (DFM) check that is capable of detecting potential issues that could reduce the quality of your PCB.

While it may be tempting to simply order your full printed circuit boards and decide you’ll deal with all design flaws that arise as they come, it’s rarely the most efficient solution. You may get the boards out sooner, but if something goes wrong, it could prove to be a lot costlier and more time-consuming than taking an extra few days to test a prototype.

Save Time and Money in the Long Run With PCB Rapid Prototyping Services from Vayu

PCB prototyping is the best practice method used world-wide to verify the quality of a design before proceeding. In the past, some companies may not have had time to develop a prototype PCB, wait for the assembler to put that PCB prototype together and then test it. However, thanks to the rapid PCB prototyping offered by Vayu, this is no longer an issue. You can send in your prototyping PCB board design and have a fast PCB prototype in a week or less, giving you plenty of time to test your PCB proto board to fully prepare for your regular production run.

Aluminum PCB

Prototype Printed Circuit Boards Meet High-Quality Standards

Among all metal core PCBs (aka MCPCBs, known for their ability to provide effective thermal dissipation for electronic products), Aluminum PCBs is the most common type – the base material consists of aluminum core with standard FR4. It features a thermal clad layer that dissipates heat in a highly efficient manner, while cooling components and increasing the overall performance of the products. Currently, Aluminum Backed PCBs is regarded as the solution to high power and tight tolerance applications.

Vayu: An Experienced Metal Core PCB Manufacturer

Our full feature aluminum circuit boards making capabilities and Free DFM Check allow you to get high-quality aluminum PCBs done within budget. Our printed Aluminum PCBs are widely used for LED lighting, power equipment and automotive systems.

The following table presents some of our Aluminum Core materials:

Items	Performance Index (Measured value)
Peeling strength (n/mm)	1.8
Insulation resistance (ω)	>1*10 g
Breakdown voltage (vdc)	>2 k
Soakable soldering (°C/m)	280°C / 260°C, 1 min, no bubble & delamination
Thermal conductivity (ω/m-k)	>0.8
Thermal resistance (°C/ω)	< 1.2
Combustibility	fv-o
Dielectric constant (1mhz)	4
Dielectric loss angle (tangent)	0.03

Check our Aluminum core PCB manufacturing capabilities in the following table:

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	4 – 24layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10000+pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks
Material	Aluminum core (Domestic 1060), Copper core, FR4 covering
Board Size	Min 66mm \| Max 610610mm
Board Thickness	0.8mm – 5.0mm
Copper Weight (Finished)	0.5oz – 10.0oz
Min Tracing/Spacing	4mil/4mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black, Yellow
Surface Finish	HASL – Hot Air Solder Leveling Lead Free HASL – RoHS ENIG – Electroless Nickle/Immersion Gold – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	4mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	6mil
Other Techniques	Countersink holes Screw holes

LED PCB

As PCB technology has continued to evolve, it has paved the way for the creation of a host of exciting product innovations. A prime example is the development of the PCB for LED lighting. The LED is soldered to the circuit board and features a chip that produces the light when electrically connected. A thermal heat sink and a ceramic base are used to bond the chip.

An LED PCB board tends to generate a high volume of heat, making it difficult to cool via traditional means. Consequently, metal core PCBs are frequently chosen for LED application due to their enhanced ability to dissipate heat. Aluminum in particular is often used to manufacture circuit boards for LED lights. The aluminum PCB typically includes a thin layer of thermally conductive dielectric material that can transfer and dissipate the heat with much greater efficiency than a traditional rigid PCB.

Vayu provides Effective, Affordable PCB LED Lighting Solutions

As a full feature PCB solutions provider with more than a decade of experience, we’re capable to provide LED PCB fabrication, components procurement and assembly all under one roof. We can work with you to develop metal core/aluminum circuit boards customized to your specific applications. We feature competitively priced PCBs made with standard FR-4 material that includes a thermal aluminum clad layer that will efficiently dissipate heat, keep all LED PCB components cool and significantly enhance the performance of your products.

We Focus on Delivering Superior Customer Service

Vayu has developed a solid reputation for being a PCB solutions provider that is easy to do business with. Our knowledgeable support team is available by phone, chat or email to answer your questions and address any concerns.

HDI PCB

If you’re in a fast-moving industry, you need to know about high density interconnect PCB. Because some of your competitors are already start to use them.

High density interconnect PCBs are a way of making more room on your PCB to make them more efficient and allow for faster transmission. It’s relatively easy for most enterprising companies that are using printed circuit boards to see how this can benefit them.

High density interconnect (HDI) PCBs represent one of the fastest-growing segments of the PCB market. Because of its higher circuitry density, the HDI technology can incorporate finer lines and spaces, smaller vias and capture pads, and higher connection pad densities. A high-density PCB features blind and buried vias and often contains microvias that are .006 in diameter or even less.

Key HDI PCB Benefits

The evolution of PCB HDI technology has given engineers greater design freedom and flexibility than ever before. Designers using HDI high density interconnect methods now can place more components on both sides of the raw PCB if desired. In essence, an HDI PCB gives designers more space to work with, while allowing them to place smaller components even closer together. This means that a high-density interconnect PCB ultimately results in faster signal transmission along with enhanced signal quality.

HDI PCB is widely used to reduce the weight and overall dimensions of products, as well as to enhance the electrical performance of the device. The high-density PCB is regularly found in mobile phones, touch-screen devices, laptop computers, digital cameras and 4G network communications. The HDI PCB is also prominently featured in medical devices, as well as various electronic aircraft parts and components. The possibilities for high-density interconnect PCB technology seem almost limitless.

HDI PCB Applications

HDI boards are appropriate for a wide range of industries. As mentioned above, you’ll find them in all types of digital devices, like smartphones and tablets, where miniaturization is key to the effective application of the product. You can also find high-density interconnect PCBs in automobiles, aircraft and other vehicles that rely on electronics.

One of the most critical areas where the high-density PCB is making huge inroads is in the medical arena. Medical devices frequently need small packages with high transmission rates that only HDI PCBs can supply. For example, an implant needs to be small enough to fit in the human body, but any electronics involved in that implant absolutely must efficiently allow for high-speed signal transmission. Here, the HDI PCB indeed is a godsend. HDI PCBs can also be useful in other medical equipment, like emergency room monitors, CT scans and much more.

No matter your industry, you’re probably already getting some ideas about how high-density interconnect PCBs can make the electronics you produce or use even better – get in touch with us Vayu to discuss it. We’ll let you know if you’re on the right track and help you decide exactly how beneficial an HDI PCB can be to your industry. Then, you can determine whether or not to take the next step.

High Density PCBs of Impeccable Quality

Over the course of a decade in business, Vayu has established a hard-earned reputation for manufacturing PCBs of the highest quality. Our custom PCB manufacturing capabilities enable you to get the finest quality HDI PCBs at competitive prices without min order quantity requirement. Our team run design for manufacture check on your custom PCB file and consult with you to ensure it is ready for manufacturing and that your boards will meet your performance requirements. We also have an on-site quality control department to verify the finished product meet your high quality standards.

We’re capable of manufacturing HDI PCB up to 24 layers in various structures, check the following table for our available HDI PCB structures:

Check our HDI PCB capabilities by reviewing the table found below:

HDI Structures	Type of Micro vias	Mass Production	Small-Middle Batch	Prototype	Available
1+N+1	Blind vias	Yes	Yes	Yes	4 layers+
2+N+2	Blind/Buried staggered vias	Yes	Yes	Yes	6 layers+
2+N+2	Blind/Buried stacked vias	Yes	Yes	Yes	6 layers+
3+N+3	Blind/Buried staggered vias	/	Yes	Yes	8 layers+
3+N+3	Blind/Buried stacked vias	/	/	Yes	8 layers+

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	4 – 24layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10000+pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks
Material	FR4 standard Tg 140°C,FR4 High Tg 170°C, FR4 and Rogers combined lamination
Board Size	Min 66mm \| Max 457610mm
Board Thickness	0.4mm – 3.0mm
Copper Weight (Finished)	0.5oz – 2.0oz
Min Tracing/Spacing	2.5mil/2.5mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black, Yellow
Surface Finish	HASL – Hot Air Solder Leveling Lead Free HASL – RoHS ENIG – Electroless Nickle/Immersion Gold – RoHS Immersion Silver – RoHS Immersion Tin – RoHS OSP – Organic Solderability Preservatives – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	4mil, 3mil – laser drill
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	6mil, 4mil – laser drill
Max Exponents of Blind/Buried Vias	stacked vias for 3 layers interconnected, staggered vias for 4 layers interconnected
Other Techniques	Flex-rigid combination Via In Pad Buried Capacitor (only for Prototype PCB total area ≤1m²)

Flexible PCB

What is Flexible PCB?

Flexible printed circuit boards, also called Flexible PCBs or Flex PCBs, derive their name for their ability to enable the circuitry to be designed to fit the electronic device or product, as opposed to building the device to conform to the circuit board. Flex boards are characterized by a distinctly patterned printed circuitry and component arrangement highlighted by a malleable base material.

What are Advantages of Flexible PCB?

Flexible printed circuit boards offer a number of potential benefits including:

Saving Space: Flex PCB design requires only about 10 percent of the space and weight of an ordinary circuit board assembly, offering greater installation and packaging freedom. The inherent flexibility also permits tighter bend capabilities.
Maximum Reliability: A flexible printed circuit board requires fewer interconnects, which in turn requires fewer contact crimps, connectors and solder joints. Simply put, a flexible PCB board does not contain as many potential sources for failure, which enhances their reliability.
Enhanced Capabilities: The flexible printed circuits boards are compatible with virtually any type of connector or component and works well with options such as ZIP connectors. They also perform extremely well in extreme temperatures and offer superior resistance to radiation and chemicals.
Cost Savings: Cost-saving advantages of Flexible PCBs include reduced material and packaging demands, lower parts replacement costs and assembly errors that could result in the need for repairs.

These benefits make flex PCBs ideally fit for a wide range of applications in industries such as Military, Transportation, Medical, Consumer Electronics, Automotive, Aerospace, Communications and Industrial.

Vayu: A Leading Flex Circuit Manufacturer.

At Vayu, we specialize in the fabrication and assembly of flexible PCB products for use in the manufacturing of medical devices and various types of telecommunication and industrial equipment. Our custom PCB manufacturing capabilities allow us to develop and produce a top-performing flex PCB that meets your unique requirements. We can also work with you to produce a custom flex PCB prototype that will significantly improve your product/device capabilities.

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	1 – 8layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10000+pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks
Material	DuPont PI, Domestic Shengyi PI
Board Size	Min 66mm, Max 406610mm
Board Thickness	0.1mm – 0.8mm
Copper Weight (Finished)	0.5oz – 2.0oz
Min Tracing/Spacing	3mil/3mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Solder-stop coating—Soldermask oil	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Solder-stop coating—Coverlay	PI and PET film
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black, Yellow
Surface Finish	HASL – Hot air solder leveling Lead – free HASL – RoHS ENIG – RoHS Immersion Tin – RoHS OSP – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	4mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	8mil
Min. hole size—Drilling (PTH)	0.2mil
Min. hole size—Punching (NPTH)	0.5mil
Tolerance of dimension	±0.05mm
Other Techniques	Peelable solder mask Gold fingers Stiffener (only for PI/FR4 substrate)

Our High-Quality Flexible PCB Manufacturing Process

A key reason why Vayu is widely regarded as a top PCB manufacturer is our unwavering commitment to quality. Our experienced team checks each design and takes the time to review it with you prior to production. This ensures the circuit design is ready for manufacturing, and your boards will deliver the performance you expect. We guarantee the quality of our flex PCB parts and components.

Rigid Flex PCB

Rigid flex PCBs are printed circuit boards highlighted by both rigid and flexible areas that make them ideally suited for a wide range of applications. The typical rigid-flex PCB circuit includes two or more conductive layers that comprise either flexible or rigid insulation material between each one – the outer layers may have either exposed pads or covers. Conductors are found on the rigid layers, while plated through-holes are found in both the rigid and flexible layers.

The Advantages of Rigid Flex PCB Technology

While this type of flexible circuit may be more expensive to design and produce, it does offer a number of important advantages. For instance, the reduced size makes it easier to fit more components into a smaller space. This can actually help to lower overall system costs. Additionally, because they require the need for fewer interconnects and related parts and components, these flexible circuit board can also prove to be more reliable and require less maintenance in the long run.

As with all types of flexible circuit boards, the rigid flex printed circuit boards will perform well in even the harshest environments, especially those featuring extreme heat. A rigid flex board is also easy to test, making it well-suited for prototyping.

Rigid Flex PCB Solutions of the Highest Quality

Currently, Vayu has identified companies in industries such as medical, telecommunications and manufacturing with our superior quality rigid flex PCB manufacturing services. We have an in-house quality control department to ensure your boards fabricated and assembled properly – we also guarantee the quality of all parts and components. Our engineers will even perform a Design for Manufacture (DFM) check at no additional charge.Our experience and technical expertise enables us to develop custom rigid flex circuit boards for any specific applications.

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	2 – 24layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10000+pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks
Material	DuPont (PI25UM), FR4
Board Size	Min 6mm x 6mm Max 457mm x 610mm
Board Thickness	0.6mm – 5.0mm
Copper Weight (Finished)	0.5oz – 2.0oz
Min Tracing/Spacing	3mil/3mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black, Yellow
Surface Finish	HASL – Hot air solder leveling Lead – free HASL – RoHS ENIG – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	4mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	8mil
Impedance control	±10%
Other Techniques	HDI Gold fingers Stiffener (only for PI/FR4 substrate)

High Frequency PCB

High-Frequency PCB Advanced Circuits Specification

A high-frequency PCB can meet your needs when incorporating a special signal requirement into your electronic components and products. It offers a frequency range of 500MHz – 2GHz, making it ideally suited for high-speed designs, as well as radio frequency (RF), microwave and mobile applications. These higher transmission frequencies can also provide the faster signal flow rates that are a necessity in today’s increasingly complex electronic switches and other components.

A High-Frequency PCB requires the use of Specialized Materials

Special materials are required to achieve the high frequency provided by this type of printed circuit board – any changes in the Er value of these materials can affect the impedance of the board. Many PCB designers turn to Rogers dielectric material for its lower dielectric loss, reduced signal loss, lower cost of circuit fabrication and better suitability for fast-turnaround prototyping applications.

Apart from choosing the appropriate PCB material and determining the correct the value of the Er, designers should take parameter such as conductor width and spacing, substrate constant into consideration. These parameters must be exactly specified and implemented with the highest level of process control.

We're a High-Frequency PCB Manufacturer That Takes the Time to Assess Your Needs

Vayu is an experienced full service PCB manufacturer who provides a reliable, superior-performing high-frequency PCB fab services.

We manufacture high-frequency PCBs with frequency typically in the range from 500MHz to 2GHz. The following table shows some of our common-use materials for High-Frequency PCBs.

Material	Dielectric Constant
RO4350B	3.48±0.05@10 GHz
RO4003C	3.38±@10 GHz
Ro3003	3.00±0.04@10 GHz
Ro3010	10.2±0.03@10 GHz
RT5880	2.20±0.02@10 GHz

Our capabilities:

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	2 – 24layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10000+pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks
Material	RO4003C, RO4350B, Ro3003, Ro3010, RT5880
PP	Rogers 4450F, Domestic-(25FR), Domestic-(RF-27), Domestic-(6700)
Board Size	Min 6mm x 6mm \| Max 457mm x 610mm
Board Thickness	0.4mm – 5.0mm
Copper Weight(Finished)	0.5oz – 2.oz
Min Tracing/Spacing	3mil/3mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black, Yellow
Surface Finish	Electroless nickel/immersion gold (ENIG) – RoHS Immersion silver – RoHS Immersion tin – RoHS Organic solderability preservatives – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	4mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	6mil
Impedance tolerance	±10%
Other Techniques	Peelable solder mask Gold fingers Carbon oil Countersink holes

Heavy Copper PCB

High-Frequency PCB Advanced Circuits Specification

Thick copper PCB products are used extensively in power electronic devices and power supply systems. A growing trend in the PCB industry, this unique type of heavy copper PCB features a finished copper weight of more than 4oz (140μm), compared to the 1oz (35μm) or 2oz (0μm) copper weight generally found in those with a standard PCB copper thickness.

The additional copper PCB thickness enables the board to conduct a higher current, achieve good thermal distribution and implement complex switches in a limited space. Other advantages include increased mechanical strength at connector sites, the ability to create a smaller product size by incorporating multiple weights on the same layer of circuitry and the ability to use exotic materials to their maximum capacity with minimal risk of circuit failure.

Copper PCB Manufacturing Capabilities Table

Vayu is a highly skilled thick copper PCB manufacturer that can develop and produce a superior thick copper PCB product of the highest quality. We offer a thick copper PCB manufacturing service that uses copper weights of up to 15oz (525μm). Check our capabilities in the following table:

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	2 – 24layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10000+pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks
Material	FR-4 Standard Tg 140°C, FR4-High Tg 170°C
Board Size	Min 6mm x 6mm \| Max 457mm x 610mm
Board Thickness	0.6mm – 6.5mm
Max Outer Layer Copper Weight (Finished)	15oz
Max Inner Layer Copper Weight	12oz
Min Tracing/Spacing	For External layers: 4oz Cu 9mil/9mil 5oz Cu 11mil/11mil 6oz Cu 13mil/13mil 12oz Cu 20mil/32mil 15oz Cu 32mil/40mil For Internal layers: 4oz Cu 8mil/12mil 5oz Cu 10mil/14mil 6oz Cu 12mil/16mil 12oz Cu 20mil/32mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black, Yellow
Surface Finish	HASL – Hot Air Solder Leveling Lead Free HASL – RoHS ENIG – Electroless Nickle/Immersion Gold – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	6mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	10mil
Other Techniques	Gold fingers Blind/Buried Vias

Finished Copper PCBs of Superior Quality

Vayu has developed expertise in manufacturing and assembling high-performing standard and heavy copper PCB products that help our customers achieve their productivity and profitability goals. We make it a standard operating procedure to have our highly skilled engineers run design for manufacture on every circuit file, and address all questions and concerns before production. This helps to ensure the finished electronic boards meet your performance expectations. Our in-house quality control department guarantees the quality of our printed circuit boards.

High-Tg PCB

High-TG PCB

When it comes to FR-4 high-TG PCBs, Vayu has the experience and quality products you need for your industry. If you work with PCB that you will be subjecting to high temperatures, you need to be sure those PCBs can take the heat.

At Vayu , our high-temperature PCB products can handle extreme PCB glass transition-temperature rates and retain their integrity, so you can use these high-TG FR-4 boards with confidence. We have a 99% plus customer satisfaction rate and are well known for our reliable, fast service as shown by our customer testimonials.

What Is FR-4?

FR-4 is a grade designation for flame-retardant fiberglass reinforced epoxy material. Thus, FR-4 PCB offers a much greater level of resistance to heat than a standard PCB. FR-4 circuit boards are divided into four classifications that are determined by the number of copper trace layers found in the material:

Single-sided PCB / Single-layer PCB
Double-sided PCB / Double-layer PCB
Four or more than 10 layers PCB / Multilayer PCB

Providing the Right High-Temperature PCB for Your Applications

Vayu offers a wide selection of high-temperature PCB products manufacturing services either with FR-4 or other high-quality heat- and temperature-resistant Tg materials. We are able to perform high-temperature PCB fabrication for automotive, industry and high-temperature electronics applications. We can manufacture High-Tg PCBs with a Tg value of up to 180°C. Following table lists some of our commonly used materials for High-Tg PCBs production.

Material	TG (DSC, °C)	Td (Wt, °C)	CTE-z (ppm/°C)	Td260 (min)	Td288 (min)
S1141 (FR4)	175	300	55	8	/
S1000-2M (FR4)	180	345	45	60	20
IT180	180	345	45	60	20
Rogers 4350B	280	390	50	/	/

Regardless of the scope or complexity of your PCB application, we have the technical expertise to develop customized PC boards that meets your specific demands.

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	2 – 40layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10000+pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks
Material	S1141 (FR4), S1000-2M (FR4), IT180, Rogers 4350B
Board Size	Min 6mm x 6mm \| Max 500mm x 900mm
Board Thickness	0.4mm – 6.5mm
Copper Weight (Finished)	0.5oz – 2.0oz
Min Tracing/Spacing	3mil/3mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black, Yellow
Surface Finish	HASL – Hot Air Solder Leveling Lead Free HASL – RoHS ENIG – Electroless Nickle/Immersion Gold – RoHS Immersion Silver – RoHS Immersion Tin – RoHS OSP – Organic Solderability Preservatives – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	4mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	6mil
Other Techniques	Gold fingers Blind/Buried Vias Countersink Holes

Halogen-Free PCB

Brief Introduction of Halogen-free PCB

With the increasing demand for environmentally friendly electronic products, halogen-free PCBs are becoming more and more popular because they are constructed of materials that are free of halogen. The dielectric constant, dissipation factor and moisture diffusivity of materials that are described as halogen-free are different from those employed in traditional printed circuit boards. Hence, if the product you’re engaged in requires to be environmental-friendly, Halogen-free PCBs will be your ideal choices.

Halogen-free PCB Manufacturing Service from Vayu

As an ISO9001:2000 registered company, we aim to one of the most renowned PCBbe manufacturers in India making a concerted effort to fabricate environmentally friendly custom PCBs that adgere to clients’ concerns. Commonly used substrates for Halogen-free PCB are S1155 (FR4) and S1165 (FR4).

Material	TG (DSC, °C)	Td (Wt, °C)	CTE-z (ppm/°C)	Td260 (min)	Td288 (min)
S1155(FR4)	140	380	41	60	60
S1165(FR4)	170	360	40	60	15

Advanced Features for Halogen-free PCB Manufacturing Service & Comprehensive Capabilities

Feature	Capability
Quality Grade	Standard IPC 2
Number of Layers	2 – 24layers
Order Quantity	1pc – 10000+pcs
Build Time	2days – 5weeks
Material	S1150G, S1165
Board Size	Min 66mm \| Max 457610mm
Board Thickness	0.4mm – 6.5mm
Copper Weight (Finished)	0.5oz – 2.0oz
Min Tracing/Spacing	3mil/3mil
Solder Mask Sides	As per the file
Solder Mask Color	Green, White, Blue, Black, Red, Yellow
Silkscreen Sides	As per the file
Silkscreen Color	White, Black, Yellow
Surface Finish	HASL – Hot Air Solder Leveling Lead Free HASL – RoHS ENIG – Electroless Nickle/Immersion Gold – RoHS Immersion Silver – RoHS Immersion Tin – RoHS OSP – Organic Solderability Preservatives – RoHS
Min Annular Ring	4mil
Min Drilling Hole Diameter	6mil
Other Techniques	Gold fingers Blind/Buried Vias

Benefits of Halogen-Free PCB

What are the benefits of using halogen-free PCBs? First, it’s important to understand that halogen is not a material in itself. It is a way to describe a class of elemental gases, including fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and astatine. While PCBs containing halogen gases are generally safe, these elements are toxic and can cause reactions from blurred vision and nausea to difficulty breathing and a burning sensation in the eyes, nose and throat.

When a PCB is eventually disposed of, the disposal process can potentially release these elements into the environment, polluting the atmosphere. In fact, the incineration of halogen-based components can produce dioxin, which the EPA defines as one of the most toxic chemicals known to man. In fact, the EPA has confirmed inhaling dioxin is even small doses will almost invariably lead to cancer and ultimately death.

The significant benefit of halogen-free boards is that they do not pose the same threat to the environment, which can be great for environmentally-conscious companies and environmentally-conscious consumers who patronize those companies.

Applications of Halogen-Free PCB

What types of industries and applications are halogen-free PCBs typically used in? Halogen-free PCBs can be used in any industry or application where you would use electronic PCB boards, from consumer electronics to industrial automation and everything in between. While there is some variance in the specifications of halogen-free PCBs compared to PCBs which contain chemicals like chlorine and bromine, these boards are entirely effective and suitable for most applications.

If you’re concerned about how halogen-free boards will work with your specific application but would still like to try them, feel free to give us a call to discuss the issue. Our PCB experts will be more than happy to talk to you about the differences between halogen-free PCBs and other printed circuit boards, as well as how those differences may or may not affect your specific product.

Although all companies can make use of halogen-free PCBs, they appear most often in companies made a forward commitment to being better to the environment, reducing their carbon footprint and being responsible about the toxins they emit into the atmosphere as a result of their production processes.

SMT Stencil

Apart from all types of PCBs, Vayu also manufactures solder paste stencils to meet SMT requirements.

Stencils, also called SMT stencils, play a key role in transferring accurate amount of solder paste to correct positions on bare circuit boards ready for assembly. In other words, stencils can fast and efficiently ensure the most accurate solder paste amount and optimal electrical connection. With solder stencils, it is possible to use metal squeegee blades to apply solder paste easily over the openings on PCBs and make stencil to be well aligned with the surface of the advanced circuit board.

According to SMT stencil manufacturing technologies, we provide two types of stencils: laser-cut stencils and chemical-etch stencils.

Laser-cut Stencils

The openings are lasered on 100% stainless steel. Generally speaking, this kind of stencil can be produced with high quality and a high degree of precision within a short time.

Advantages: High accuracy; barely influenced by objective elements; trapezoid opening beneficial for demoulding; suitable for accurate cutting; reasonable price;
Disadvantages: Relative low manufacturing speed.

Laser-cut Stencils

The openings are etched into the metal using acid. Usually this kind of stencil offers better protection on material temper and hardness.

Advantages: One-time formation; relatively high manufacturing speed; low cost;
Disadvantages: Tending to form sand clock shape or large openings; numerous manufacturing stages and accumulating errors; unsuitable for fine pitch stencils; bad for environmental protection.

How to Determine the Size of the Stencil?

PCB stencil size is composed by two parts: internal size and overall size. Internal size is the size compatible with that of PCB ready to be assembled while overall size refers to the size compatible with printer parameter limit. As long as both sizes are accurately designed, stencil will be able to make full use of its functions.

Internal size of stencil can be figured out conforming to the following rule:

Width of Framed Stencil = width of PCB + 100mm while its Length = length of PCB + 100mm
Width of Frameless stencil = width of PCB + 200mm while its Length = length of PCB + 200mm

For example, if one circuit board size is 50*50mm, then the size of its framed stencil should be around 150*150mm and the size of its frameless stencil should be around 250*250 mm.

It’s easy to remember and operate so it worked for manual solder paste printing in SMT assembly prior to the advent of automatic printer. It can be said that different PCB sizes lead to generations of different internal sizes of stencil.

When it comes to automatic solder paste printer, however, it’s relatively solid. Overall size of stencil has to be determined by parameter limit of the equipment, that is, printer, because stencil has to work within the range of printer with a frame. Different printers feature different parameter regulations. As far as Vayu is concerned, the stencil size compatible with our printer can be either 650mm*650mm or 736mm*736mm.

PCB designers have to focus on internal size of stencil, they don’t need to care about its overall size since it is generally determined by the parameters of printer in your contract assembler workshop.

PCB Design & Manufacturing

Standard PCB

Advantages to Standard PCB With Vayu

PCB Prototype

Prototyping PCB's meet high quality standards

Prototype PCB Service vs. Standard PCB Service

Use PCB Prototype service when you want:

Use Standard PCB service if you need:

What Are the Benefits of Prototype Circuit Board?

Save Time and Money in the Long Run With PCB Rapid Prototyping Services from Vayu

Aluminum PCB

Prototype Printed Circuit Boards Meet High-Quality Standards

Vayu: An Experienced Metal Core PCB Manufacturer

The following table presents some of our Aluminum Core materials:

Check our Aluminum core PCB manufacturing capabilities in the following table:

LED PCB

LED PCB

Vayu provides Effective, Affordable PCB LED Lighting Solutions

We Focus on Delivering Superior Customer Service

HDI PCB

Key HDI PCB Benefits

HDI PCB Applications

High Density PCBs of Impeccable Quality

Flexible PCB

What is Flexible PCB?

What are Advantages of Flexible PCB?

Vayu: A Leading Flex Circuit Manufacturer.

Our High-Quality Flexible PCB Manufacturing Process

Rigid Flex PCB

Rigid Flex PCB

The Advantages of Rigid Flex PCB Technology

Rigid Flex PCB Solutions of the Highest Quality

High Frequency PCB

High-Frequency PCB Advanced Circuits Specification

A High-Frequency PCB requires the use of Specialized Materials

We're a High-Frequency PCB Manufacturer That Takes the Time to Assess Your Needs

Heavy Copper PCB

High-Frequency PCB Advanced Circuits Specification

Copper PCB Manufacturing Capabilities Table

Finished Copper PCBs of Superior Quality

High-Tg PCB

High-TG PCB

What Is FR-4?

Providing the Right High-Temperature PCB for Your Applications

Halogen-Free PCB

Brief Introduction of Halogen-free PCB

Halogen-free PCB Manufacturing Service from Vayu

Advanced Features for Halogen-free PCB Manufacturing Service & Comprehensive Capabilities

Benefits of Halogen-Free PCB

Applications of Halogen-Free PCB

SMT Stencil

Laser-cut Stencils

Laser-cut Stencils

How to Determine the Size of the Stencil?

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